Under which process may federal courts review legislation enacted by Congress to ensure compliance with the Constitution?

Judicial review is the process through which federal courts have the authority to review legislation enacted by Congress and determine whether it aligns with the Constitution. This power is not explicitly outlined in the Constitution itself but was established through landmark Supreme Court cases, most notably Marbury v. Madison in 1803.

Through judicial review, the courts can assess the constitutionality of laws, thus serving as a check on the legislative branch's power. This mechanism helps maintain the rule of law and ensures that individual rights and the system of checks and balances are preserved within the government.

The other options represent different concepts. Statutory law refers to laws enacted by legislative bodies, Congressional review pertains to the process by which Congress can oversee and potentially nullify federal regulations, and the presidential veto is the power of the president to reject legislation passed by Congress. None of these processes specifically empower the courts to assess the constitutionality of laws.