What is a significant requirement under NEPA before a federal agency can proceed with a project?

Under the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA), a significant requirement before a federal agency can proceed with a project is the issuance of an Environmental Impact Statement (EIS). The EIS is a detailed document that outlines the potential environmental effects of a proposed action and considers alternatives to the project. This requirement is essential as it ensures that all possible environmental impacts are assessed before any decision is made, allowing for informed decision-making that considers ecological, social, and economic factors.

The EIS process involves a thorough analysis and public involvement, which helps in identifying any adverse effects and exploring measures to mitigate them. This is vital to ensure transparency and public participation in federal projects that may impact the environment. By completing an EIS, agencies cannot only comply with NEPA but also promote sustainable development and environmental protection.

While other aspects, like public hearings or a Notice of Intent (NOI), are part of the process, the issuance of an EIS is the critical step that directly addresses the comprehensive evaluation of potential environmental impacts, which is at the heart of NEPA's goals.