Which case redefined the wetland types under federal protection?

The case that redefined the wetland types under federal protection is Solid Waste Agency of Northern Cook County v. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE). This landmark decision by the U.S. Supreme Court in 2001 significantly clarified the scope of federal jurisdiction under the Clean Water Act concerning the protection of wetlands.

In this case, the Supreme Court ruled that the federal government could only assert jurisdiction over wetlands that have a continuous surface connection to bodies of waters that are considered navigable under the law, essentially narrowing the definition of what constitutes a federally protected wetland. This decision emphasized the need for a significant nexus between the wetland and navigable waters to qualify for federal protection, thereby impacting the regulatory landscape for wetland conservation.

The other options listed do not address the redefinition of wetland types or federal jurisdiction over them in the same way. Executive Order 11987 pertains to the management of certain invasive plant species and does not redefine wetland classifications. Utah (Division of Parks) v. Marsh relates primarily to state lands and environmental management without a direct impact on federal wetland definitions. Hughes v. Oklahoma primarily deals with wildlife regulations and commerce, without addressing wetland protections under federal law. Therefore, the significance of the ruling in